Unix terminal commands and file system

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The unix file system

    .
    ├── README.md
    ├── code_from_today
    │   └── test.py
    ├── exercises
    │   └── UNIX_commands.md
    ├── other_materials
    │   ├── git-tutorial.md
    │   ├── learning_objectives.md
    │   ├── src
    │   │   ├── Agenda.png
    │   │   ├── Blank\ Diagram.glink
    │   │   ├── Recap_class_1.png
    │   │   ├── Recap_class_2.png
    │   │   ├── class_1.png
    │   │   ├── class_2.png
    │   │   ├── dir_tree.png
    │   │   ├── file_system.png
    │   │   └── mindmap.png
    │   ├── unix_commands.md
    │   └── using_the_UNIX_operating_system.md
    └── teacher
        ├── code
        │   ├── Example.class
        │   └── Example.java
        └── notes.md

Unix terminal commands

Change directory

    cd                      # Change directory
    cd ..                   # Change dir to its parent (one folder back)
    cd .                    # stay in this directory (this one you will never use!)
    cd /path/to/folder/     # Change dir to path

Print Working Directory

    pwd                     # what folder am i in?

Create folder and files

    mkdir <foldername>      # create a folder
    touch <filname>         # create file

    # powershell
    echo $null >> <filename>

List folders content

    ls                      # list of files and folders

Rename file

    mv <oldname> <newname>  # rename file

Cut and Paste

    mv <file> <../dirname/>   # Move file to new location

Copy file

    cp <filename> <newname> # copy file 

Delete files and folders

    rm <filename>           # deletes file
    rm -r <foldername>      # delete folder and the content inside

Open files

    open <filename>         # open a file in its default editor or application
    
    # windows
    code <filename>         # Windows: this does not work instead use code <filename> to open a file in vscode    

Administrator rights

    sudo                    # put sudo in front of command to have admin rights (only mac / Linux) - ei. sudo rm -r <foldername>

cat

    cat example.py          # shows the content of the file in the terminal, and other things

Keybord shortcuts

• Arrow up ▲ : Toggle the previous terminal commands

• cmd + k : Clear terminal (you can also type: clear + enter)

• TAB ⇥ : type the start of a file- or folder-name press TAB for autocomplete.

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